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Data Quality
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Photovoltaics Energy Payback Times, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and External Costs: 2004–early 2005 Status
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Environmental Impacts of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Production
Environmental Impacts of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Production,Erik A. Alsema,Mariska J. de Wild-Scholten
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Environmental Impacts of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Production
(
Citations: 9
)
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Erik A. Alsema
,
Mariska J. de Wild-Scholten
Together with a number of PV companies an extensive effort has been made to collect
Life Cycle Inventory
data that represents the current status of production technology for crystalline silicon modules. The new data cover all processes from silicon feedstock production to cell and module manufacturing. All commercial wafer technologies are covered, that is multi- and monocrystalline wafers as well as ribbon technology. The presented data should be representative for the technology status in 2004, although for monocrystalline Si crystallisation further improvement of the
data quality
is recommended. On the basis of the new data a
Life Cycle Assessment
has been performed, which shows that c-Si PV systems are in a good position to compete with other energy technologies. Energy Pay-Back Times of 1.7-2.7 yr are found for South-European locations, while life-cycle CO 2 emissions are in the 30-45 g/kWh range. Clear perspectives exist for further improvements of roughly 40-50%.
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Citation Context
(3)
...The lifecycle green house gas (GHG) emissions of m-Si and p-Si for use in PV cells result in the average production of 35kgCO2eq/m 2 [
3
], where the lifecycle GHG emissions for comparative thin film PV cells average 24kgCO2eq/m 2...
M. Tocher
.
Modular cylindrical photovoltaic array for fixed and portable applicat...
...In particular, photovoltaic electricity is increasingly being looked upon as a quintessentially “green” energy option for the future, since it entails virtually no emissions during the use phase, and large energy returns on investment (calculated EPBT for state-of-the-art PV systems range from approximately 3 to as little as 1 years [
2-5
]...
Marco Raugei
,
et al.
Key Projections on Future PV Performance, Market Penetration and Costs...
...Supplementary publicly data on material consumption for some process steps were taken from the EU-funded Integrated Project CRYSTAL CLEAR [6, 7], see also [8,
9
], as well as from the literature, see e.g...
B. Lenkeit
,
et al.
EVALUATION OF HIGH-EFFICIENCY mc-Si CELL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES REGAR...
References
(3)
Energy pay-back time and CO2 emissions of PV systems
(
Citations: 57
)
E. A. Alsema
Journal:
Progress in Photovoltaics - PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS
, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 17-25, 2000
Life cycle assessment of crystalline photovoltaics in the Swiss ecoinvent database
(
Citations: 25
)
Niels Jungbluth
Journal:
Progress in Photovoltaics - PROG PHOTOVOLTAICS
, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 429-446, 2005
Life Cycle Analysis of Solar Module Recycling Process
(
Citations: 5
)
Anja Müller
,
Karsten Wambach
,
Erik Alsema
Published in 2006.
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Citations
(9)
Modular cylindrical photovoltaic array for fixed and portable applications
M. Tocher
Conference:
IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies - ICSET
, 2008
Key Projections on Future PV Performance, Market Penetration and Costs, with Special Reference to CdTe and Other Thin Film Technologies
Marco Raugei
,
Paolo Frankl
Published in 2008.
Life Cycle Analysis of Solar Module Recycling Process
(
Citations: 5
)
Anja Müller
,
Karsten Wambach
,
Erik Alsema
Published in 2006.
TECHNICAL EXPERIENCE DURING THERMAL AND CHEMICAL RECYCLING OF A 23 YEAR OLD PV GENERATOR FORMERLY INSTALLED ON PELLWORM ISLAND
(
Citations: 2
)
E. Bombach
,
I. Röver
,
A. Müller
,
S. Schlenker
,
K. Wambach
,
R. Kopecek
,
E. Wefringhaus
Published in 2006.
Photovoltaics Energy Payback Times Greenhouse Gas Emissions and External Costs
(
Citations: 3
)
Vasilis Fthenakis
,
Erik Alsema